Wildlife Protection
Endangered Species
Endangered species in India, large breeds of rare wild animals and aquatic animals and insects types include. It consists of Indian wildlife from various species of birds, mammals and reptiles, ect., And is well known for it includes one of the richest species in the world. It also includes the wildlife in India, many of the endangered species that live on the verge of extinction seriously. This is the definition of endangered species as a sector of the organisms that live in danger of becoming extinct due to a variety of reasons. Either because they are few in number or because the environmental transactions or various predatory threaten extinction. It has been identified as an endangered species in India by various national and international organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII).
Statistics threatened species with extinction in India
According to official records, there are more than 130,000 species of endangered animals, in India, although some experts believe that the number could be much more than the expected numbers. However, some claim the number is in fact much more than that. The number of endangered species in India is about 8.86% of the world's mammals. Mammals stretching for more than 186 genera and 45 families and 13 species of which about 89 species listed as endangered in the Red List of endangered species published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) in 2006.
; Varieties of endangered species in India
It was divided endangered species in India into three main categories
Species on the brink of extinction (CR)
And endangered species (EN)
And the types of endangered (VU)
This category has conducted the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the Wildlife Institute of India (WII), in 2004. In each minute that passes the number of threatened species groups decreases with extinction.
; Species that are on the brink of extinction in India is among the endangered species in India, there is one of the most species on the brink of extinction, a Siberian tiger. Which is a rare breed of tigers, one of the endangered species in India. As has become the Asian elephants that are found in India are victims of illegal fishing is always access to the famous ivory. However, it was considered the main reason behind the objection organizations on their fishing operations is the loss of their homeland. The other endangered species in India is one of the big cats, which is of black marks Golden Cheetah. The number of these types has dropped up to 14 000, in India. The main reasons were behind the decline in the number of leopards in India is the loss of their home, as well as the population pressure on the wildlife sanctuaries in India. These reasons also represent a significant source of concern for other endangered species in India. The main reason behind the loss of habitat is the spread of agriculture. As it is also a fishing Royal Bengal Tiger on a large scale for the purposes of trade in pets and to zoos and research, as well as for use in oriental medicine, in the past.
Moreover, include species that are on the brink of extinction in India, as defined by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and Wildlife Institute of India, shrews Genghis and Zbad Almalabar a big spot and flying squirrel from Namdava and pork dwarf (Pygmy) and bats fruit Salim Ali and Tiger snow and lonely Sumatran century and bat loosely guilt of Rhoton. The list of endangered species in India Lion Asiatic Black Bear Asian cat desert and only Great Indian century and rabbit brutal coarse hair and a monkey and small deer Kashmir Black Elchibon and macaque-tailed Asadi and goats Almarkhor and the sheep of Tibet and the monkey langurs Alngheira and Zbab Andaman and Zbab Andaman spinal species and the Indian elephant or Asian elephant The bull Alzabj and the blue whale and the monkey langurs a hood and antelopes Alcherio and whale fin and Dolphin Ganges River and the monkey langurs and golden fish Asian Aloaruana loggerhead sea turtles and dolphins Indus River and mouse Kundana soft fur and Nemes swamps and Zbab Alnikobar tree and grandfather Alngheira brutal and flying squirrel multicolor bat Peter a tubular nose and Panda red and Sei whale and a mouse Bunhut (server), leopards, wild buffalo water and flying squirrel mystic.
Major threats to wildlife
[3] Major "> http://animals.about.com/od/animalswildlife101/a/threats.htm can be classified Altahedidt </ ref> Grand </a> facing wildlife as follows:
Loss of habitat: not only remain a few areas for wildlife and natural citizen each year. In addition, the remaining habitat is often degraded in a similar environment to give a little wild areas that existed in the past.
Climate change: Because many plant and animal species have specific habitat requirements, climate change could be in a catastrophic loss of species of wild animals cause. And it can be damaged fragile insects and disturbed. Because wild flora and fauna are sensitive to humidity change, they would be harmed in the event of any change in the level of humidity.
Pesticides and toxic chemicals: which are used on a large scale, making a toxic environment for some plants, insects and rodents.
Fishing unregulated and illegal fishing: fishing is an unregulated and illegal fishing a significant threat to wildlife. In addition, poor forest management department and forest guards to exacerbate this problem leads.
Natural phenomena: such as floods, earthquakes, volcanoes, lightning and forest fires.
Pollution: dealing with a wide range of organisms of pollutants released into the environment.
Over-exploitation of resources: the exploitation of wild populations has led to food to the occurrence of severe declines (eg, overfishing)
North American model in wildlife protection
Template: Overly detailed is the North American model in the protection of wildlife and one of the most protection models successful in the world. [Citation needed] and return assets to be protected, which originated in the 19th century movements, with the approaching extinction of many wild animal species (including the American bison) and the advancement of athletes with the middle class, to prevent their extinction. [4] [5] and the beginning of the sixties of the nineteenth century (1860) athletes began in the standings and the call to protect wilderness areas and wildlife. The North American model is based on the protection of wildlife to two basic principles - that the Fish and Wildlife Service are for non-commercial use by the citizens, and it should be designed to be of managed unavailable in better standards of living forever. These two fundamental principles have been put in seven fundamental principles of the model.
Principle; the legal basis for the Secretariat (General Service) in the North American model, the Secretariat keeps the wildlife. This means that the public supports fish and wildlife through the governments of the countries and federal governments. In other words, despite the prospect of owning one of the individuals of the land, who is the wild animals, but he did not have these wild animals mentioned above. But possessed of all citizens. The origins dating back to the Roman era of English common law, including the legal basis for the Secretariat, in essence, the principle of the Supreme Court of the United States in 1842 for a decision from Martin Waddell (Martin V. Waddell). [5] [6]
Use stainless compared
According to the North American model, they should not kill wild animals, but only in order to obtain food, fur and self-defense and protection of property (including cattle). In other words, it is a fish kill or generally wild animals is illegal and immoral (even with a permit) without make every reasonable effort to retrieve resources correct them and benefit. [7] <ref "> Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation> News and Media> Bugle Magazine> Archives </ ref> [8]
Wildlife global resource because wildlife does not already exist only within a fixed political boundaries, the effective management of these resources must be done internationally through treaties, cooperation and management agencies. [7] [9]
Government participation
Wildlife protection by the Government of India in 1972. The law was passed after a short time from the direction of policy makers to enact regulations on the protection of wild life, it was a strategy to allow the actors put, whether governmental or non-governmental organization, following the "framework" Detailed successful protection. "The International Federation has developed for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources' (IUCN) Global Strategy for the protection of wildlife in 1980 with advice and cooperation and financial assistance from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Wildlife Fund in cooperation with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Organization of the United Nations Educational , Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) "[10] this strategy aims to" provide an intellectual framework and practical guidance for action to protect wildlife. "[10] this comprehensive guide covers everything from" user "those involved in this strategy to the actual priorities and even the map section that contains on areas with a large consumption of seafood which threatens the region's process of overfishing. main sections are as follows:
The objectives of protecting wildlife and the requirements to achieve:
Maintaining essential ecological processes and life support systems.
Maintaining genetic diversity.
Sustainable use of species and ecosystems.
National priorities for action:
Establish a framework for national strategies of protection and without nationalism.
Integration policies and protection with the development industry.
Environmental planning and rational use.
Priorities for international action:
International Labour Law and assistance.
Tropical forests and dry land.
A global program to protect genetic resources areas.
Maps sections:
tropical forests
Deserts and areas subject to desertification.
Participating non-governmental
While becoming "mainstream development agencies," "weak with the public sector" in environmental protection in the late eighties of the twentieth century (1980), these agencies began to lean towards supporting the "private sector" or non-governmental organizations (NGOs). [11] " > http://www.jstor.org/pss/4192201 </ ref> </a> In a discussion of the World Bank leaves it seemed clear that the "resounding appearing for NGOs" was known widely for government policy makers. the vision of this increase in support of non-governmental organizations, enter the US Congress amendments to the Foreign assistance Act in 1979 and 1986 "dedicated financial resources from the United States Agency for international development (USAID) for biodiversity." [11] since 1990 and through the recent years has become the environmental protection sector non-governmental organizations more focused increasingly on the political and economic impact of the US Agency for international development set to "environment and natural resources." [12] after the terrorist attacks on the central trade world on September 11, 2001 and the beginning of the war on terrorism waged by the former President Bush, it became the preserve the quality of the environment and natural resources and improve "priority" in order to "prevent international tensions," according to the legislation on foreign relations, which was enacted in 2002 [12] and paragraph No. 117 of the Foreign assistance Act of 1961. [12] Moreover, Congress made in 2002 to amend the clause in endangered species of the Foreign assistance Act earlier average.
Effective non-governmental organizations [edit] also included amendments to this paragraph, amendments to the paragraph relating to "private voluntary organizations and non-governmental organizations." [12] where paragraph requires that voluntary private organizations and non-governmental organizations, "the involvement of the local population to the maximum extent possible in all the design and implementation stages. "[12] has resulted in these amendments, which were introduced on Alforeighozayadh assistance Act [when?] the last in the United States Agency for international development funding for external environmental protection, to the existence of differences of several relating to the role of NGOs in development Foreign Affairs.
There are many non-governmental organizations working to promote the protection of wildlife or effectively participate in their protection, such as:
Nature Protection Organization, a US charitable environmental organization working to preserve the plants, animals and habitats that represent the diversity of life on Earth through the lands and waters they need to survive protection. [13]
World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization working to resolve issues related to environmental protection, search and retrieval, formerly known as the Global Fund for wildlife, which still maintains a formal name, in Canada and the United States. It is the largest private independent organizations to protect the environment in the world, supported by more than 5 million supporters worldwide, and operates in more than 90 countries, and supports about 1,300 [4] Project of nature protection projects and environmental projects around the world. A charitable organization, comes nearly 60% of its funding from voluntary contributions from independent individuals. The 45% of the Fund's income from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom and the United States. [14]
WCS
Audubon Society
Traffic Organization (global network to monitor the trade in wildlife) (wildlife protection program)
Club International Organization for Safari
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